"The Multiples Effect reminds us that innovation knows no boundaries and can emerge in the most unexpected ways."
― Unknown Tweet
In the vast realm of scientific discovery and invention, there exists a curious phenomenon known as “the Multiples Effect.” This intriguing concept refers to the occurrence of multiple individuals independently arriving at the same groundbreaking idea or invention, often without any knowledge of each other’s work. The Multiples Effect serves as a testament to the interconnectedness of human thought and innovation, highlighting the mysterious ways in which ideas seem to emerge simultaneously in different parts of the world.
The Origins of the Multiples Effect
The concept of the Multiples Effect has long captured the interest of scholars and historians. Notably, sociologists William Ogburn and Dorothy Thomas first articulated this phenomenon in the early 20th century. Ogburn and Thomas observed numerous instances throughout history where inventions, scientific discoveries, and theories were developed independently by multiple individuals.
Historical Examples
One of the most compelling illustrations of the Multiples Effect is the discovery of the law of conservation of energy. Remarkably, this fundamental principle of physics was articulated by four different individuals independently of one another in 1847. Similarly, the history of scientific invention is replete with examples such as the invention of the thermometer, where it appears that there have been at least six different individuals who laid claim to its creation.
In the realm of optics, nine individuals each asserted to have invented the telescope, showcasing the pervasive nature of the Multiples Effect. Even in the realm of technology, multiple inventors in both the United States and England developed the typewriter, with each individual working unaided by the others.
Parallel Discoveries in Mathematics
The field of mathematics also offers compelling examples of the Multiples Effect at play. The discovery of calculus, a cornerstone of modern mathematics, was not the sole province of a single individual. Instead, calculus was independently developed by both Gottfried Leibniz and Sir Isaac Newton. Additionally, the development of decimal fractions, a fundamental concept in mathematics, was independently conceived by three different mathematicians, further underscoring the prevalence of parallel discoveries in the discipline.
“the pattern of independent multiple discoveries in science is in principle the dominant pattern, rather than a subsidiary one,”
—Robert K Merton (1960), a preeminent sociologist from Columbia University Tweet
Understanding the Phenomenon
The Multiples Effect raises profound questions about the nature of human creativity and innovation. How is it possible for multiple individuals, often separated by vast distances and historical periods, to arrive at the same groundbreaking ideas independently? Some theories propose that phenomena such as nonlocality, morphic resonance, and the existence of a universal connecting matrix may play a role in facilitating these parallel discoveries.
In conclusion, the Multiples Effect stands as a testament to the interconnectedness of human knowledge and the mysterious ways in which ideas seem to emerge simultaneously across different cultures and time periods. By exploring the rich tapestry of parallel discoveries in science, technology, and mathematics, we gain a deeper appreciation for the collective ingenuity of the human species.
“90-98% of patent lawsuits are filed against independent inventors and not copiers.”
—Mark L Lemley, Stanford School of Law, (2011) Tweet
Further Reading
Thomas, Dorothy. “Are Inventions Inevitable? A Note on Social Evolution” Political Science Quarterly Volume 37 (March 1, 1922). https://archive.org/details/jstor-2142320